How has the introduction of complex VPN topologies redefined the meaning of a VPN?

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How has the introduction of complex VPN topologies redefined the meaning of a VPN?

  • A site can be part of two VPNs only.
  • Two customers can connect in a single VPN.
  • A site can be part of one VPN only.
  • A site can be part of more than one VPN.

Explanation: In the MPLS L3 VPN architecture, Route Targets (RTs) were introduced specifically to support complex topologies. While a Route Distinguisher (RD) makes a prefix unique within a single VRF, RTs are extended BGP communities that identify VPN membership, allowing a single site to be a member of multiple VPNs simultaneously.

Related exam: Checkpoint Exam: MPLS and VPN Technologies