Which type of VPN routes packets through virtual tunnel interfaces for encryption and forwarding?
- MPLS VPN
- IPsec virtual tunnel interface
- dynamic multipoint VPN
- GRE over IPsec
Explanation: IPsec Virtual Tunnel Interface (VTI) simplifies VPN configuration by applying IPsec settings to a virtual interface rather than mapping them statically to a physical interface. In this mechanism, packets are routed directly to the VTI, which then encrypts and forwards the traffic to the physical exit interface. Because the VTI is seen as a routable interface, it natively supports both unicast and multicast encrypted traffic, including routing protocols, without the need for additional GRE encapsulation.
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