Configuration of which option is required on a Cisco switch for the Cisco IP phone to work?

Question:
Configuration of which option is required on a Cisco switch for the Cisco IP phone to work?

• PortFast on the interface
• the interface as an access port to allow the voice VLAN ID
• a voice VLAN ID in interface and global configuration mode
• Cisco Discovery Protocol in global configuration mode

Explanation: When you connect an IP phone to a switch using a trunk link, it can cause high CPU utilization in the switches. As all the VLANs for a particular interface are trunked to the phone, it increases the number of STP instances the switch has to manage. This increases the CPU utilization. Trunking also causes unnecessary broadcast / multicast / unknown unicast traffic to hit the phone link.

In order to avoid this, remove the trunk configuration and keep the voice and access VLAN configured along with Quality of Service (QoS). Technically, it is still a trunk, but it is called a Multi-VLAN Access Port (MVAP). Because voice and data traffic can travel through the same port, you should specify a different VLAN for each type of traffic. You can configure a switch port to forward voice and data traffic on different VLANs. Configure IP phone ports with a voice VLAN configuration. This configuration creates a pseudo trunk, but does not require you to manually prune the unnecessary VLANs.

The voice VLAN feature enables access ports to carry IP voice traffic from an IP phone. You can configure a voice VLAN with the “switchport voice vlan …” command under interface mode. The full configuration is shown below:

Switch(config)#interface fastethernet0/1
Switch(config-if)#switchport mode access 
Switch(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10 
Switch(config-if)#switchport voice vlan 20

Reference: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/switches/catalyst-4500-series-switches/69632-configuring-cat-ip-phone.html

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