1. Which term is used to describe the process of discovery that may lead to the creation of a hypothesis?
- exploratory analysis
- deductive reasoning
- inductive reasoning
- explanatory analysis
Explanation: Exploratory analysis is the part of the data analysis lifecycle in which a hypothesis about the data is created.
2. When you are preparing to give a presentation, which question would be important to ask yourself in order to understand where the audience is located?
- What is the technical knowledge of the participants?
- Will the presentation be shared?
- Are there any security considerations?
- Will the presentation be delivered virtually?
Explanation: Effectively telling a story requires knowing where the audience or listener is. This means knowing the physical environment of the listener or if the story is to be delivered online or in person.
3. While preparing a presentation, which question would be important in understanding “who” is the audience?
- Will the presentation be recorded?
- What is the possible reaction of the audience?
- Is the presentation delivered virtually?
- Are there any security considerations?
Explanation: Effectively telling a story requires knowing who the audience or listener is. This means knowing the motivation of the listener, the technical knowledge of the listener, and the reaction of the listener to the story.
4. What is the business value of data?
- It has no value to the departments within an organization.
- It has equal value to all departments within the organization.
- It has different value to different departments within the organization.
- It has equal value to all organizations.
Explanation: Data has different business value and means different things to different departments in an organization.
5. What is the purpose of Plotly?
- to allow the online creation of data visualizations
- to add plotting capabilities to Microsoft Excel
- to analyze variables stored on a Jupyter notebook
- to analyze a scatter plot using a specific statistical algorithm that shows trends
Explanation: Plotly is an online tool used to generate data visualizations.
6. Which type of chart displays comparisons of values of specific data points in a horizontal position?
- line
- bar
- pie
- scatter
Explanation: Determining the appropriate chart to use to display data depends on the number of variables, data points, and other factors. Bar charts are good for displaying specific data points so they can be compared across categories.
7. True or False?
A user created a custom style sheet to be used with Pyplot and saved the file in the user home directory. When the style sheet is being referenced in code, the path information for the location of the file must be specified.
- true
- false
Explanation: Pyplot is a matplotlib extension that can be customized.
8. Which type of chart is useful for identifying clustering and outliers in data?
- scatter plot
- bar
- line
- pie
Explanation: Scatter plot charts are useful for visualizing correlations between data sets and identifying outliers in the data.
9. What is a characteristic of the explanatory analysis process?
- produces summaries of data
- tells a story about the data
- makes valid statements about a proposition
- uses statements of truth to arrive at a conclusion
Explanation: Telling a story to persuade an audience through presentation of evidence is the process of explanatory analysis.
10. What is the purpose of Pyplot?
- to add plotting capabilities to Microsoft Word
- to analyze variables separately as scatter plots and as pie charts
- to create and customize a plot using a collection of style functions
- to analyze a scatter plot using a specific statistical algorithm that shows trends
Explanation: Pyplot is a matplotlib extension that includes a collection of style functions used to create and customize a plot.
11. Match the term to the definition. (Not all options are used.)
Explanation: The correct answer is: a conclusion not justified by the premise of the argument → fallacy, used to make valid statements about a proposition → logic, presented to support a conclusion in explantory analysis → evidence
12. True or False?
In the story telling step of data analysis, plenty of time should be spent on explaining the entire data-analysis process.
- true
- false
Explanation: In the story telling step, spend only as much time on the data as necessary to explain the point.
13. Which application should be used to create a Pyplot customized style sheet (CSS)?
- Microsoft Excel
- Microsoft Visio
- Plotly
- text editor
Explanation: A text editor is used to add a line for each element in the plot you want to customize. If using a Jupyter notebook, use the Linux terminal to create or edit a text file.
14. True or False?
A drawback to Plotly is that files cannot be exported.
- true
- false
15. For preparing a presentation to a targeted audience, why is the “when” of the audience important to consider?
- The information may be time sensitive.
- The presentation may be shared with others.
- The motivation of the participants may need to be determined.
- Some participants may be online and some attending in person.
Explanation: Effectively telling a story requires knowledge about the who, where, and when of the audience. The “when” is an important consideration with time-sensitive information.
16. Match the type of question to the example.
Explanation: The correct answer is: Where is the audience? → Is the audience online or in-person?, Who is the audience? → What is the motivation of the listener?, When is the audience? → Is recording of the presentation allowed?
17. Which term is used to describe the process of making inferences about a population based on attributes of a sample?
- deductive reasoning
- inductive reasoning
- explanatory analysis
- exploratory analysis
Explanation: It is not always possible to study an entire population, therefore a sample is studied. By using inductive reasoning, inferences can be made about the whole population.
18. In the story telling step of data analysis, how much time should be spent on explaining the data?
- enough to walk the audience through the entire data analysis process
- all of the alloted time
- none, the data itself should not be part of the story
- enough to explain the point
Explanation: In the story telling step, spend only as much time on the data as necessary to explain the point.