8.1.5 Packet Tracer – ACL Demonstration Answers Version
Topology
Objectives
- Part 1: Verify Local Connectivity and Test Access Control List
- Part 2: Remove Access Control List and Repeat Test
Background
In this activity, you will observe how an access control list (ACL) can be used to prevent a ping from reaching hosts on remote networks. After removing the ACL from the configuration, the pings will be successful.
Addressing Table
Device | Interface | IP Address / Prefix |
---|---|---|
R1 | G0/0 | 192.168.10.1/24 |
G0/1 | 192.168.11.1/24 | |
S0/0/0 | 10.1.1.1/30 | |
R2 | S0/0/0 | 10.10.1.2/30 |
S0/0/1 | 10.10.1.5/30 | |
R3 | G0/0 | 192.168.30.1/24 |
G0/1 | 192.168.31.1/24 | |
S0/0/1 | 10.10.1.6/24 | |
PC1 | NIC | 192.168.10.10/24 |
PC2 | NIC | 192.168.10.11/24 |
PC3 | NIC | 192.168.11.10/24 |
PC4 | NIC | 192.168.30.12/24 |
DNS Server | NIC | 192.168.31.12/24 |
Instructions
Part 1: Verify Local Connectivity and Test Access Control List
Step 1: Ping devices on the local network to verify connectivity.
a. From the command prompt of PC1, ping PC2.
b. From the command prompt of PC1, ping PC3.
Question:
Why were the pings successful?
Because Layers 1 through 3 are fully functional and there is no policy currently filtering ICMP messages between the two local networks.
Step 2: Ping devices on remote networks to test ACL functionality.
a. From the command prompt of PC1, ping PC4.
b. From the command prompt of PC1, ping the DNS Server.
Question:
Why did the pings fail? (Hint: Use simulation mode or view the router configurations to investigate.)
The pings fail because R1 is configured with an ACL that denies any ping packets from exiting the Serial 0/0/0 interface.
Part 2: Remove the ACL and Repeat the Test
Step 1: Use show commands to investigate the ACL configuration.
a. Navigate to R1 CLI. Use the show run
and show access-lists
commands to view the currently configured ACLs. To quickly view the current ACLs, use show access-lists
. Enter the show access-lists
command, followed by a space and a question mark (?) to view the available options:
R1# show access-lists ? <1-199> ACL number WORD ACL name <cr>
If you know the ACL number or name, you can filter the show output further. However, R1 only has one ACL; therefore, the show access-lists
command will suffice.
R1#show access-lists Standard IP access list 11 10 deny 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 20 permit any
The first line of the ACL blocks any packets that originate in the 192.168.10.0/24 network, which includes Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echoes (ping requests). The second line of the ACL allows all other ip traffic from any source to transverse the router.
b. For an ACL to impact router operation, it must be applied to an interface in a specific direction. In this scenario, the ACL is used to filter traffic exiting an interface. Therefore, all traffic leaving the specified interface of R1 will be inspected against ACL 11.
Although you can view IP information with the show ip interface
command, it may be more efficient in some situations to simply use the show run
command. To obtain a complete list of interfaces that the ACL that may be applied to, and the list of all ACLs that are configured, use the following command:
R1# show run | include interface|access interface GigabitEthernet0/0 interface GigabitEthernet0/1 interface Serial0/0/0 ip access-group 11 out interface Serial0/0/1 interface Vlan1 access-list 11 deny 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 access-list 11 permit any
The second pipe symbol ‘|” creates an OR condition that matches ‘interface’ OR ‘access’. It is important that no spaces are included in the OR condition. Use one or both of these commands to find information about the ACL.
Question:
To which interface and in what direction is the ACL applied?
Serial 0/0/0, outgoing traffic.
Step 2: Remove access list 11 from the configuration.
You can remove ACLs from the configuration by issuing the no access list [number of the ACL]
command. The no access-list
command when used without arguments deletes all ACLs configured on the router. The no access-list [number of the ACL]
command removes only a specific ACL. Removing an ACL from a router does not remove the ACL from the interface. The command that applies the ACL to the interface must be removed separately.
a. Under the Serial0/0/0 interface, remove access-list 11, which was previously applied to the interface as an outgoing filter:
R1(config)# interface s0/0/0 R1(config-if)# no ip access-group 11 out
b. In global configuration mode, remove the ACL by entering the following command:
R1(config)# no access-list 11
c. Verify that PC1 can now ping the DNS Server and PC4.