IT Essentials v8 (ITE v6.0 + v7.0) Chapter 5 Test Online

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A web server could be software installed on a computer. An email server is commonly provided by a provider like Google or Yahoo or built and provided in a corporate environment. Print servers are commonly found in a business, not home, environment.

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Compact switches, APs, and IP phones can be powered by a PoE-enabled switch. Routers and modular switches require a large amount of energy and cannot be powered through an Ethernet cable.

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RFI, EMI, and crosstalk cause interference to the electrical signals that are transmitted through copper cables. Both UTP and STP use twisted pairs of wires that help protect against crosstalk. However, STP provides greater protection against RFI and EMI than UTP provides.

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When a printer is connected directly to a networking device, such as a hub, switch, or router, it is considered to be a network host.

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Optical fiber uses light to transmit signals. Therefore, fiber-optic cable is not affected by EMI or RFI.

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Bluetooth is a short range wireless technology that is used for personal area network (PAN) devices such as cell phones, keyboards, headsets, and mice. A Bluetooth device can connect to a maximum of seven other devices using this 2.4 GHz technology.

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Switches are the central connection point for a LAN and they maintain a MAC address table. The MAC address table has a port number associated with a MAC address for each particular device. The switch inspects a frame to look at the destination MAC address. The switch then looks in its MAC address table and if that MAC address is found, the switch forwards the data to the port that is associated with that particular MAC address.

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A proxy server is often responsible for caching web pages frequently accessed by internal users. If another internal user requests any of the stored pages, the proxy server can quickly provide the stored web pages to the internal user instead of sending the request over the Internet to the original web server.

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A WAN (wide-area network) is used to connect networks that are geographically separated and is typically owned by a service provider. The service provider contracts out WAN services to individuals and organizations.

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The OSI model has 7 layers and the TCP/IP model has 4. Both models encapsulate data from the sender and prepare it for transport to a receiver over some type of network

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The 802.11n standard is backwards compatible with both the 802.11a and 802.11b standards and therefore operates at both 5 GHz and 2.4 GHz.

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The difference between the 568A and 568B standards is the order in which the colored wire pairs are sequenced. It is the green and the orange pairs of wires that are swapped between the two standards.

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A switch connects multiple devices to a network. A router will forward traffic between networks. A wireless router will connect multiple wireless devices to a network. An access point will provides wireless connectivity to multiple devices and has fewer features than a wireless router. A modem will connect a home or small office to the Internet.

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Refer to the chapter graphics to see the various connectivity types and speeds.

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ISPs offer Internet access connection to homes through the telephone network with DSL technology. A user can connect to an ISP through the telephone network using a DSL modem. A wireless access point connects mobile devices to a local network.

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DHCP is a very important protocol that is used to provide IP addressing information to network clients. The DHCP server uses UDP port 67 and the network host uses UDP port 68.

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The source port number of an application is randomly generated and used to individually keep track of each session connecting out to the Internet. Each application will use a unique source port number to provide simultaneous communication from multiple applications through the Internet.

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A syslog server is used as a centralized location for logged messages from monitored network devices.

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A universal threat management (UTM) device is an all-in-one security device that can provide firewall, proxy filtering, email filtering, and network access control services as well as be a point where remote users connect to the company using a VPN.

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Z-Wave is used with smart homes to create a wireless network that can connect up to 232 devices. Z-Wave uses the 908.42 MHz frequency band.

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A cloud-based network controller allows a technician to control, configure, and monitor network devices such as access points or switches.

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In addition to providing internet connectivity from a home or business, line of sight wireless may also be used to connect to other towers or to connect to some other type of backbone connection.

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The Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) is used to send email. The Post Office Protocol (POP) and Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) are used to retrieve email. All three protocols are application layer protocols.

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A personal-area network (PAN) connects wireless devices that are within close proximity of an individual person. Bluetooth network technology commonly provides the connectivity.