IT Essentials v8 (ITE v6.0 + v7.0) Chapter 10 Test Online

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Two types of computer operating system user interfaces are CLI and GUI. CLI stands for command-line interface. In a command-line interface, a user enters commands at a prompt using a keyboard. The second type is the GUI, or graphical user interface. With this type of user interface, a user interacts with the operating system by working with icons and menus. A mouse, finger, or stylus can be used to interact with a GUI. PnP is the name of a process by which an OS assigns resources to different hardware components of a computer. The other answers are examples of Application Programming Interfaces, or APIs.

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Windows 10 offers two account types, namely, Administrator and Standard User. Guest is a built-in user account. DefaultAccount is a user account managed by the system. Users is a user group.

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Thread is a small piece of a program in execution. Multi-processing is related to a system with more than one processor. Multi-user is related to a system that supports more than one user at the same time. Multi-task is a system that can perform more than one task at the same time.

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While Windows XP can use either FAT or NTFS, Vista and Windows 7 can only be installed on an NTFS partition.

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The last known Good Configuration is a copy of the last registry that is saved on successful login. Care should be exercised never to log in when you suspect any system instability because once you log in successfully, the Last Known Good Configuration will be overwritten with the current one.

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Disabling background services, deleting registry keys, and partitioning the hard drive do not require rebooting a PC. It might be necessary to boot a computer from a USB drive in order to repair the system in some situations.

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Multiprocessing allows an operating system to use two or more CPUs. Support for two or more users is provided by the multiuser feature. Multitasking allows multiple applications to run at the same time. Multithreading allows different parts of the same program to run at the same time.

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Hard disk drives are organized by several physical and logical structures. Partitions are logical portions of the disk that can be formatted to store data. Partitions consist of tracks, sectors, and clusters. Tracks are concentric rings on the disk surface. Tracks are divided into sectors and multiple sectors are combined logically to form clusters

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Pressing the F8 key during the boot process will allow the user to choose to start the computer in Safe mode.

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NFS (Network File System) is used to access files on other computers across a network. Windows operating systems support several file systems. FAT, NTFS, and CDFS are used to access files stored on drives installed in the computer.

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One of the features introduced with the Windows 8 operating system was the support for a touch screen interface to allow use on phones and tablets.

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Registers are memory locations that are part of the architecture of a CPU. They provide a storage location for the logical functions performed on data.

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The Preboot eXecution Environment (PXE, but pronounced pixie) BIOS boot option is used to install an operating system from a remote network location.​

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The GUID partition table, also referred to as GPT, expands on the limitations of the MBR and is commonly used in systems with UEFI firmware.

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A dynamic disk has the ability to create volumes that span across more than one disk. The size of the partitions can be changed after they have been set, even if the unallocated space is noncontiguous. However, the partition size cannot be reduced without loss of data.

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USMT (User Migration State tool) is part of the Windows Assessment and Deployment Kit that can be used to streamline and simplify user state migration during large deployments of Windows operating systems.

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Windows Easy Transfer is not supported in Windows 10 and is replaced with PCmover Express.

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The User State Migration Tool (USMT) is a command line utility program developed by Microsoft that allows users to transfer files and settings between Windows PCs. Windows Easy Transfer is not available in Windows 10. PCmover Express is third party software. Windows Upgrade Assistant is used to prepare a computer for upgrading by checking for compatibility issues and downloading all necessary files to start the installation process.

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Administrator accounts have complete control over a computer. Standard user accounts have limited control over a computer. They can run applications, but cannot install programs. A standard user account can change system settings but only settings that do not affect other user accounts.

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During a Windows boot process, once the boot manager, bootmgr.exe, has the control of the boot process, it first loads the Windows boot loader, winload.exe.

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During a Windows 10 boot process, after the Windows kernel, ntoskrnl.exe, takes over the process, it starts the login file, winlogon.exe and displays the Windows Welcome screen.

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The Windows 10 Task Manager has seven tabs. The Details tab allows setting a priority for a process.