Networking Devices and Initial Configuration Module 1 – 3 Checkpoint Test Online

Hint

Fault tolerance is the characteristic of a network which allows it to quickly respond to failures of network devices, media, or services. Quality of service refers to the measures taken to ensure that network traffic requiring higher throughput receives the required network resources. Scalability refers to the ability of the network to grow to accommodate new requirements. Security refers to protecting networks and data from theft, alteration, or destruction. Integrity refers to the completeness of something and is generally not used as a characteristic of networks in the same way as the other terms.

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Quality of Service (QoS) is implemented in networks to prioritize traffic. Traffic for real-time services such as voice and video requires a higher priority than data traffic to ensure reliable delivery of voice and video content to users.

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Network security includes protecting the confidentiality of data that is on the network. In this case, because confidential data has been made available to unauthorized users, the security characteristic of the network has failed.

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When the demand on the network resources exceeds the available capacity, the network becomes congested. A converged network is designed to deliver multiple communication types, such as data, video and voice services, using the same network infrastructure.

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Type 2 hypervisors are hosted on an underlaying operating system and are best suited for consumer applications and those experimenting with virtualization. Unlike Type 1 hypervisors, Type 2 hypervisors do not require a management console and do not have direct access to hardware.​

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A MAC address is physically assigned to the host NIC and is known as the physical address. The physical address remains the same regardless of where the host is placed on the network. The IP address is known as a logical address because it is assigned logically based on where the host is located. IP addresses contain two parts, network address and host address.

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Scalability refers to the ability of a network to expand to support new users, services, and applications. In this example, scalability allows the administrator to expand the ability of the network to support voice and video.

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Place the options in the following order:

access layer	provides host connectivity to the network
core layer	provides a high-speed connection for the backbone network
distribution layer	provides interconnections for smaller local access networks

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A private cloud is one that is available to a specific organization and not to the general public.

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Virtualization is the ability to run many instances of an OS simultaneously on the same hardware platform. This reduces the amount of equipment that is required, thus resulting in less power consumption and improved disaster recovery.

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Platform as a service (PaaS) provides a collaborative environment where multiple developers can create software and host an application through a Cloud provider.

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Software as a service (SaaS) refers to on demand software that is leased from the provider. Platform as a service (PaaS) is when the provider provides the platform for a developer. Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) is when key network devices such as routers and firewalls are leased from a provider. Wireless as a service (WaaS) is when a provider provides wireless connectivity at a fixed monthly cost.

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A hypervisor is a software process that abstracts the hardware layer from the operating systems allowing multiple virtual machines to run simultaneously.

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Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) provides an environment where users have an on-demand infrastructure that they can install any platform as needed.

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In order to convert a hexadecimal number to decimal, consider that the digit to the far right represents the 1s column where values 0 through F can appear. A hexadecimal value of A equals the decimal number 10. B equals 11, and so on through F equaling 15. The value of F in the number F equals 15. Next consider the value of 3 in the hexadecimal number of 3F. That place holder is the 16s column. Multiple the number 3 times 16 for a total of 48. Add 48 to 15 for the grand total of 63. Hexadecimal 3F equals a decimal value of 63.​

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For ease of use by people, binary patterns are represented as dotted decimal. Computer systems were created to understand binary addressing.

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Binary is a numbering system that consists of the digits 0 and 1 called bits. A binary number is a series of only 1s and 0s.

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Decimal 165 in binary is 10100101. 128+32+4+1 = 165. Each 4 binary digits equates to 1 hexadecimal digit. 1010 = 10 (decimal) = A (hexadecimal) 0101 = 5 (decimal) = 5 (hexadecimal)

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Each 4 binary digits equates to 1 hexadecimal digit. 1011 = 11 (decimal) = B (hexadecimal) 1010 = 10 (decimal) = A (hexadecimal)

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Converting the binary string of 00001010.01100100.00010101.00000001 to dotted decimal gives 10.100.21.1

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Computing devices use the binary system for data processing and storage. Binary numbers are based on powers of 2 and decimal numbers are based on powers of 10.