Programming Essentials in C: FINAL TEST (CLA) Exam Answers

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1. Which of the following strings is a proper integer number (in the “C” language sense)?

3141592
3,141592
3_141_592
3.141592

2. What is the value of the following integer literal?

10
12
the literal is invalid
18

3. What is the value of the following integer literal?

    0x12

the literal is invalid
10
18
12

4. Which of the following strings is a valid variable name?

Alpha:Omega
[email protected]
none of these
Alpha-Omega

5. Which of the following strings is an invalid variable name?

_R2D2_
R2D2
2R2D
_2R2D_

6. Which of the following declarations is valid?

int float;
int int;
int longint;
int long;

7. What is the value of the X variable at the end of the following snippet?

    int X = 1;

    X = X + 2 * X;
    X = X / 2 * X;
    X = X + 2 + X;

8. What is the value of the X variable at the end of the following snippet?

    int X = 1;

    X = X * X + 2;
    X = X / X * 2;
    X = X + 2 + X;

9. Which of the following strings is a correct floating-point number (in the “C” language sense)?

3.1415F92
3.1415M92
3.1415X92
3.1415E92

10. What is the value of the following floating-point literal?

-0.01
-1.0
the literal is invalid
-0.1

11. What is the value of the X variable at the end of the following snippet?

    int X = 1, Y = 2, Z;

    Z = X / Y * --X * Y++;

12. What is the value of the X variable at the end of the following snippet?

    int X;

    X = 'b' - 'a' * ('\' / '\');

0
the snippet is invalid and will cause a compilation error
2
1

13. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h>
    int main(void) {
        int a = -1, b = 1;
        float i = 2.0, j = -2.0;
        printf("%d\n", (a > b) + (b > a) + (i > j) + (j > i) + ('z' > 'a'));
        return 0;
    }

the program outputs 3
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 2

14. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h>
    int main(void) {
        int i = 0;
        if(i = 1)
        	i = 2;
        else
        	i = 3;
        printf("%d\n",i);
        return 0;
    }

the program outputs 1
the program outputs 3
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 4

15. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        float x = 3.0, y = 2.0; 
        int i = 1, j = 2; 
        x = (int)x / y + (float)i / j; 
        printf("%f",x); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 3.000000
the program outputs 0.000000
the program outputs 1.000000
the program outputs 2.000000

16. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        int i = 16, j = 8;
        do {
        	i /= 2;
        	j -= i / 2;
        } while(j > 0);
        printf("%d",i + j); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 2
the program outputs 1
the program enters an infinite loop and does not output anything
the program outputs 4

17. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        int i = 16, j = 6;
        while(j > 0) {
        	i /= 2;
        	j -= i / 2;
        } 
        printf("%d",i + j); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program enters an infinite loop and does not output anything
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 2

18. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        int i = 2, j;
        for(j = 0; j < 0; j -= i) 
        	i /= 2;
        printf("%d",i + j); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 2
the program enters an infinite loop and does not output anything
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 4

19. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        int i = 5, j = 4;
        for(i--; i--; i--) 
        	j--;
        printf("%d",i + j); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 2
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 1
the program enters an infinite loop and does not output anything

20. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        int i = 1, j = 0, k;
        k = (i & j) + (i | j) + (i ^ j) + !i + j;
        printf("%d", k); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 4
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 0

21. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        int i = 1, j = 0, k;
        k = (i << j) + (j << i) + (i << i) + (j << j);
        k >>= i;
        printf("%d", k); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 2
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 0
the program outputs 1

22. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        int i = 1, j = i + 2 * i;
        switch(j - i) {
        	case  1: j++;
        	case  2: j--;
        	case  0: j++; break;
        	default: j = 0;
        }
        printf("%d", ++j); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 0
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 1

23. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        int i = 1, j = i + 2 * i;
        switch(j) {
        	default: j = 0;
        	case  1: j++; break;
        	case  2: j--;
        	case  0: j++; break;
        }
        printf("%d", ++j); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 0
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 2

24. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        int i, t[4];
        for(i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        	t[i] = i;
        	t[i + 1] = 2 * t[i];
        }
        printf("%d\n", t[3]);
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 4
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 0

25. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        int i, t[4];
        for(i = 3; i; i--) {
        	t[i] = i - 1;
        	t[t[i]] = t[i];
        }
        printf("%d\n", t[0]);
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 1
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 0
the program outputs 4

26. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        int i, s = 0, t[] = {0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16};
        for(i = 2; t[i] < 8; i *= 2) 
        	s += t[i];
        printf("%d\n", s);
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 1
the program outputs 0
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 4

27. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        char t[] = { 'a', 'z', 'B', 'Z', '0' };
        printf("%d\n", t[t[1] - t[0] - t[3] + t[2] + 3] - t[4]);
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 0
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 2

28. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        char a = 'A', *b = &a, **c = &b;
        **c = a + (a == *b);
        printf("%c", a);
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs C
the program outputs A
the program outputs B
the program outputs NULL

29. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        int t[4][4];
        printf("%d\n",sizeof(t) / sizeof(t[0]) / sizeof(t[0][0]));
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 8
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 4

30. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        int t[4] = { 0, -1, -2, -3 }, *p = t + 3;
        printf("%d\n", p[*p] - t[2]);
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 2
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 8
the program outputs 4

31. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        char *p = "\0\4\1\3\2";
        printf("%d\n", p[p[1]] + *(p + 1) + p[4]);
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 1
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 8
the program outputs 4

32. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    #include <string.h>
    int main(void) { 
        char tt[20] = "0123456789";
        strcpy(tt, tt + 2);
        printf("%d\n", strlen(tt) - tt[9] + '5');
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 4
the program outputs 8
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 2

33. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    #include <string.h>
    int main(void) { 
        char tt[20] = "0123456789";
        strcat(tt + 2, "987");
        printf("%d\n", strlen(tt) - tt[5] + '0');
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 4
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 8
the program outputs 2

34. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    #include <stdlib.h>
    int main(void) { 
        int *t = (int *) malloc(sizeof(int) + sizeof(int));
        t++;
        *t = 8;
        t[-1] = *t / 2;
        t--;
        t[1] = *t / 2;
        printf("%d\n",*t);
        free(t);
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 1
the program outputs 8
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 2

35. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        char  *t1 [10]; 
        char (*t2)[10]; 
        printf("%d",(sizeof(t1) == sizeof(t2)) + sizeof(t1[0])); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 4
the program outputs 8
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 2

36. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    #include <string.h>
    struct S {
        char S[4];
    };
    int main(void) { 
        struct S S = { 'a', 'b' };
        printf("%d", sizeof(S.S) - strlen(S.S) + S.S[3]); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 4
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 8

37. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    #include <string.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    struct S {
        char *S;
    };

    int main(void) { 
        struct S *S = (struct S *) malloc(sizeof(struct S));
        S -> S = "abc";
        printf("%d", strlen(S -> S + 2) + S -> S[3]); 
        free(S);
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 1
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 8

38. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    struct S {
        int Var;
        struct S *Str;
    };
    int main(void) { 
        struct S S[] = { { 8, NULL }, { 4, &S[0] }, { 2, &S[1] } };
        printf("%d", S[2].Str->Str->Var);
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 8
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 1

39. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int fun(int *t) {
        return *(++t);
    }
    int main(void) { 
        int arr[] = { 8, 4, 2, 1 };
        printf("%d\n", fun(arr + 2));
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 8
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 1

40. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int fun(int t) {
        return ++t;
    }
    int main(void) { 
        int arr[] = { 8, 4, 2, 1 };
        printf("%d\n", fun(arr[3]) + arr[2]);
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 8
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 4

41. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int f(int v) { 
        	v = 2 * v;
        return v * v;
    } 
    int main(void) { 
        int i = 2; 
        f(i); 
        printf("%d",i); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 8
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 4

42. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    char *f(char *p) { 
        return p++;
    } 
    char *g(char *p) {
        return p += 2;
    }
    int main(void) { 
        char *s = "ABCDEFGHIJ";
        char  p = *f(g(f(s + 6)));
        printf("%d",p - 'A'); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 8
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 2

43. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    struct S {
        int S[2];
    };
    void f(struct S S) { 
        S.S[0] = S.S[1] + 4;
    } 
    int main(void) { 
        struct S S = { { 4, 8 } };
        f(S);
        printf("%d",S.S[1] / S.S[0]); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 8
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 2

44. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    struct S {
        int S[2];
    };
    void f(struct S *S) { 
        S->S[1] = S->S[0] + 2;
    } 
    int main(void) { 
        struct S S = { { 4, 8 } }, *P = &S;
        f(P);
        printf("%d",S.S[1] / S.S[0]); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 2
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 8

45. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int f(int t[][2]) { 
        return t[0][0] + t[0][1]; 
    } 
    int main(void) { 
        int i,t[2][2] = { {0,4},{4,2} }; 
        i = f(t); 
        printf("%d",i); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 2
the program outputs 8
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 1

46. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    #include <string.h>
    char *f(int p, char *s) { 
        s[p + 1] = '\0';
        return s + 1;
    } 
    int main(void) { 
        char s[] = "ABCDEF";
        int i = strlen(f(1,s + 2));
        printf("%d\n",i); 
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 8
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 1

47. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    int main(void) { 
        char s[20]; 
        FILE *f = fopen("data","w"); 
        int i = fputs("1248",f); 
        fclose(f); 
        f = fopen("data","r"); 
        fgets(s + 2,4,f); 
        putchar(s[4]); 
        fclose(f); 
        return 0;

the program outputs 8
the program outputs 2
the program outputs 1
the program outputs 4

48. What happens if you try to compile and run this program?

    #include <stdio.h> 
    #define  ABC    10
    #define  XYZ 	ABC - 1
    int main(void) { 
        int i = 19;
        i = i - XYZ;
        printf("%d\n", i);
        return 0; 
    }

the program outputs 2
the program outputs 8
the program outputs 4
the program outputs 1

49. What is the meaning of the following declaration?

    void (*f)(int);

f is a pointer to function (int) returning void;
the declaration is incorrect
f is a function (int) returning pointer to void;
f is a pointer to function (int) returning int;

50. Select the correct form for the following declaration:
ptr is a pointer to pointer to void

void **ptr;
void *ptr;
the declaration is invalid and cannot be coded in C
void ptr;

Programming Essentials in C: FINAL TEST (CLA) Exam Answers

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