CCNA 1 Chapter 2 v5.1 + v6.0 Test Online 2018-2019

Hint

Operating systems function with a shell, a kernel, and the hardware. The shell interfaces with the users, allowing them to request specific tasks from the device. The kernel provisions resources from the hardware to meet software requirements. The hardware functions by using drivers and their underlying electronics. The hardware represents the physical components of the device.

Hint

To be truly private a technician would use a Console connection however if remote management is required SSH provides a secure method.

Hint

Telnet and SSH require active networking services to be configured on a Cisco device before they become functional. Cisco switches do not contain AUX ports.

Hint

End and CTRL-Z return the user to the privileged EXEC mode. Ctrl-C ends a command in process. The exit command returns the user to the previous level.

Hint

If a Cisco IOS device has a valid IOS and a valid configuration file, it will boot into user EXEC mode. A password will be required to enter privileged EXEC mode.

Hint

The show startup-config command displays the saved configuration located in NVRAM. The show running-config command displays the contents of the currently running configuration file located in RAM.​

Hint

It is important to configure a hostname because various authentication processes use the device hostname. Hostnames are helpful for documentation, and they identify the device during remote access.

Hint

Some guidelines for naming conventions are that names should: Start with a letter Contain no spaces End with a letter or digit Use only letters, digits, and dashes Be less than 64 characters in length

Hint

The service password-encryption command encrypts plaintext passwords in the configuration file so that they cannot be viewed by unauthorized users.

Hint

A banner message can be an important part of the legal process in the event that someone is prosecuted for breaking into a device. A banner message should make it clear that only authorized personnel should attempt to access the device. However, the banner command does not prevent unauthorized entry.

Hint

The technician does not want to make any mistakes trying to remove all the changes that were done to the running configuration file. The solution is to reboot the router without saving the running configuration. The copy startup-config running-config command does not overwrite the running configuration file with the configuration file stored in NVRAM, but rather it just has an additive effect.

Hint

As soon as configuration commands are entered into a router, they modify the device immediately. Running configuration files can not be deleted nor are they saved automatically.

Hint

RAM stores data that is used by the device to support network operations. The running configuration is stored in RAM. This type of memory is considered volatile memory because data is lost during a power cycle. Flash memory stores the IOS and delivers a copy of the IOS into RAM when a device is powered on. Flash memory is nonvolatile since it retains stored contents during a loss of power.

Hint

In a Layer 2 switch, there is a switch virtual interface (SVI) that provides a means for remotely managing the device.

Hint

An SVI is a virtual interface and VLAN 1 is enabled by default on Cisco switches. VLAN 99 must be configured to be used. FastEthernet 0/1 and GigabitEthernet 0/1 are physical interfaces.

Hint

A switch, as a Layer 2 device, does not need an IP address to transmit frames to attached devices. However, when a switch is accessed remotely through the network, it must have a Layer 3 address. The IP address must be applied to a virtual interface rather than to a physical interface. Routers, not switches, function as default gateways.

Hint

On a Windows PC, the ipconfig command can be used to verify the current IP configuration. The ping command can be used to verify connectivity to other network devices. The show interfaces and show ip interface brief commands are both Cisco IOS commands that are used to see the status of router and switch interfaces.

Hint

The new PC was preconfigured to use DHCP. When the PC is connected to a network that uses DHCP, it gets the IP address settings from the DHCP server that will allow it to function on the network. All devices require at least an IP address and subnet mask to function on a LAN. DNS does not automatically configure addresses on hosts. PC virtual interfaces are not universally compatible with LANs and do not necessarily provide a host with an IP address. At this place in the course, virtual interfaces are used on network switches.

Hint

The ping destination command can be used to test connectivity.

Hint

The exhibit shows ping tests to two devices. One device has the IP address of 192.168.1.2, which is switch 2. The other test is to the IP address of 192.168.1.21, which is host PC-C. For the first test, to switch 2, the results are successful, with four reply messages received. This means that connectivity exists to switch 2. For the second test, all four messages timed out. This indicates that connectivity does not exist to PC-C.

Hint

Vlan1 is the default SVI. Because an SVI has been configured, the switch can be configured and managed remotely. FastEthernet0/0 is showing up and up, so a device is connected.

Hint

The configuration mode that the administrator first encounters is user EXEC mode. After the enable command is entered, the next mode is privileged EXEC mode. From there, the configure terminal command is entered to move to global configuration mode. Finally, the administrator enters the line console 0 command to enter the mode in which the configuration will be entered.

Hint

The shortcuts with their functions are as follows: – Tab – Completes the remainder of a partially typed command or keyword – Space bar – displays the next screen – ? – provides context-sensitive help – Up Arrow – Allows user to scroll backward through former commands – Ctrl-C – cancels any command currently being entered and returns directly to privileged EXEC mode – Ctrl-Shift-6 – Allows the user to interrupt an IOS process such as ping or traceroute

Hint

Operating systems function with a shell, a kernel, and the hardware. The shell interfaces with the users, allowing them to request specific tasks from the device. The kernel provisions resources from the hardware to meet software requirements. The hardware functions by using drivers and their underlying electronics. The hardware represents the physical components of the device.

Hint

If a Cisco IOS device has a valid IOS and a valid configuration file, it will boot into user EXEC mode. A password will be required to enter privileged EXEC mode.