Chapter 4 – Sections & Objectives

• 4.1 Physical Layer Protocols
  • Identify device connectivity options.
  • Describe the purpose and functions of the physical layer in the network.
  • Describe basic principles of the physical layer standards.
• 4.2 Network Media
  • Identify the basic characteristics of copper cabling.
  • Build a UTP cable used in Ethernet networks (scope – does not include cabling area discussion).
  • Describe fiber-optic cabling and its main advantages over other media.
  • Connect devices using wired and wireless media.
• 4.3 Data Link Layer Protocols
  Describe the purpose and function of the data link layer in preparing communication for transmission on specific media.
• 4.4 Media Access Control
  • Compare the functions of logical topologies and physical topologies.
  • Describe the basic characteristics of media access control methods on WAN topologies.
  • Describe the basic characteristics of media access control methods on LAN topologies.
  • Describe the characteristics and functions of the data link frame.

4.1 Network Access

Physical Layer Protocols Physical Layer Connection

Types of Connections

Network Interface Cards

Physical Layer Protocols Purpose of the Physical Layer

• The Physical Layer
  • Accepts a complete frame from the data link layer
  • Encodes it as a series of signals that are transmitted onto the local media
• Physical Layer Media
  Describe the media types
• Physical Layer Standards

Physical Layer Protocols Physical Layer Characteristics

• Functions
  • Physical components
  • Encoding
  • Signaling
• Data Transfer
  • Bandwidth – capacity to a medium to carry data
  • Throughput – measure of the transfer of bits across the media
• Types of Physical Media

4.2 Network Media

Copper Cabling

UTP Cabling

• • Properties of UTP Cabling
    • Cancellation of EMI and RFI signals with twisted pairs

• • UTP Cabling Standards
    • TIA/EIA-568
    • IEEE: Cat5, Cat5e, Cat6, Cat6e

• • UTP Connectors

• • Types of UTP Cable
    • Rollover
    • Crossover
    • Straight-through

• Testing UTP Cables
• Cable Pinouts

Fiber-Optic Cabling

• • Properties of Fiber-Optic Cabling
    • Transmits data over longer distances
    • Flexible, but thin strands of glass
    • Transmits with less attenuation
    • Immune to EMI and RFI
  • Fiber Media Cable Design

• Types of Fiber Media
  Single mode and multimode
• Fiber-Optic Connectors
• Testing Fiber Cables
• Fiber versus Copper

Wireless Media

4.3 Data Link Layer Protocols

Purpose of the Data Link Layer

• The Data Link Layer
  – What is this layer responsible for?
• Data Link Sublayers
  – LLC communicates with the network layer
  – MAC defines the media access processes
• Providing Access to Media
• Data Link Layer Standards
  – IEEE
  – ITU
  – ISO
  – ANSI

4.4 Media Access Control

Topologies

• Controlling Access to the Media
• Physical and Logical Topologies

WAN Topologies

• Common Physical WAN Topologies
  – Point-to-point– Hub and spoke

  

  – Mesh

  

• Physical Point-to-Point Topology
• Logical Point-to-Point Topology

LAN Topologies

• Physical LAN Topologies
• Half and Full Duplex
• Media Access Control Methods
• Contention-Based Access
  – CSMA/CD vs. CSMA/CA

Data Link Frame

4.5 Chapter Summary

Summary

• Explain how physical layer protocols and services support communications across data networks.
• Build a simple network using the appropriate media.
• Explain how the Data Link layer supports communications across data networks.
• Compare media access control techniques and logical topologies used in networks.

Section 4.1 New Terms and Commands

Section 4.2 New Terms and Commands

Section 4.3 New Terms and Commands

• American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
• Data link layer (layer 2)
• Ethernet interface
• Frames
• Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
• International Organization for Standardization (ISO)
• International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
• Logical Link Control (LLC)
• Media Access Control (MAC)
• Serial interface

Section 4.4 New Terms and Commands

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